ઝંખના

                                                     ઝંખના

સરિતા  ને રહેતી સાગરને મળવાની ઝંખના,

લીલાછમ વૃક્ષને જાણે પાનખરની ઝંખના,

દિવસને જાણે રાતને પામવાની ઝંખના,

હતી ત્તારા હૃદયમાં સ્થાયી થવાની ઝંખના,

મારા  શ્વાસના તણખલાને તારા સ્પર્શની ઝંખના,

અંતમાં તો તને સમજવાની જ રહી ગઈ ઝંખના.

अपना चेहरा ना बदल सका

अपना  चेहरा  ना  बदल  सका

एक  नुर   था  उसकी  आखोमे

वो  कूछ  कहना चाहती  थी

मे  पढ  नही पाया उनकी आखे

खामोश   दीवारें   सरे   आम  थी

खूद    को  अकेला  पाया  जब  अपने  ही  महौलै  मे

सूनसान  हो  गया   सब, कयू  वोट  गले  सब  अपने  घर  मे

नीकल चूका हू  अपने  आप  से  ढूँढने  जहा  मे  सबको

अगर  मील  जा ये  रहमत  से  ईनसानयीत  मूजे

नही  चाहीये  मूजे  बाट  दूंगा  आप  सबको

हर  तरफ  धमॅ  और  जाति  की  आवाज  थी

तो  कही  पे  खूरशीयो  की  खिचतान  थी

सड़क  पर  पड़ी  गरीब  की  थाली  खाली  थी

अब  कहा  बची कोई  मधर  टेरेसा  थी

हूँकार  सबको  अपने  आपकी  लगी  पड़ी  थी

तो  कही  पे  अपने  ही  घर  मे  मारा  मारी  थी

आग  बुरी तरह  से  लगी  पड़ी  थी

अब  कहा  बादलो  से  बरसात  की  आस थी

कूछ  सपने   देखे  थे  उसकी  आखो  मे

पर  अब  न  बची  कोई   आस  थी

कुछ  अपने  भी  जिंदा  थे  मेरे

पर  अब  कहा   सांसो  की  गूंझारीश  थी

फूरसत  कहा  मीली  उसके  आँसू  पौछने  की

एक  कोने  मे  आस  धराये  बेठी  वो  मेरी  मा  थी

जम  गया   हे  शौक  का  हिमालय   अब

और  गम  का  सागर   फेला   हे  अब

वचन   दिया   था  अपनी   मा  को  ढूढकर  ही  लाउंगा  इंसानियत 

पर  अब  तो  पहन  लीया   मूखौटा  बइमानी   का

और  अब  कहा   बची  कोई   सहनशीलता  थी

तूट  गया  जब  सपना   उसका

अब  छूट   गया   हूं   अपने   आप  से

कयोकी   अपना  चेहरा   न  बदल   सका

आखिर   एक  आंस  हे  इस  जहाँ  से

                                                                       - रवि

My Interpretation Regarding Novel The Sense of an Ending

   My Interpretation Regarding Novel 

         The Sense of an Ending 

The Sense of an Ending is about "memory and time”. The book opens with a short list of memories. Not all of which the as yet unnamed narrator actually saw. Immediately we’re on warning, if one of these memories is imagined rather than real, can any of them be trusted? As the narrator says, “what you end up remembering isn’t always the same as what you have witnessed.”

Meaning of Equation   

          I would translate the second equation as: Tony had a reasonably good relationship with Veronica. Then Adrian became involved in the same kind of relationship with Veronica. Then Adrian and Sara formed a passionate relationship resulting in a baby. The multiplication symbol represents either a relationship of lust or simply a positive relationship which had progressed to the intimate stage. It is clearly stronger than the relationship between Adrian and Veronica which was represented as being about the same strength as Tony’s original relationship with

Veronica.

                 On the other hand, if Adrian had been completely in love with Sara, one would think he would have placed the combination + and x symbol between him and Sara like he did on the first equation. The first equation is either a first attempt at using pure mathematical logic that didn’t quite work or else it should be interpreted within the context of the second equation.

                 To my mind, this equation would be translated as: The baby resulted from Sara having a negative relationship with her daughter Veronica so that Sara seduced her daughter’s boyfriend even though Veronica and Adrian were in the middle of a true love relationship. Perhaps both equations are true. Veronica and Adrian were seriously in love but Sara managed to seduce Adrian and Adrian enjoyed his relationship with Sara even though he also still loved Veronica.

Concept of Suicide

As for Robson’s death, Adrian quotes Camus:

“Suicide was the only true philosophical question.”

This leads the friends to conclude that the suicide could only be considered philosophical in an arithmetical sense: Robson, about to cause an increase of one in the human population, had decided that it was his ethical duty to keep the planet’s numbers constant. Nevertheless the friends are jealous of Robson. His achievement had been “unphilosophical, self-indulgent and inartistic”. When they learn that his suicide note was rumored to consist of just two words, “sorry mum”, they believe it to have “missed a powerful educative opportunity”.

Unreliable Narrator

    There is but one truly serious philosophical problem, and that is suicide. Judging whether life is or is not worth living amounts to answering the fundamental question of philosophy. Suicide has never been dealt with except as a social phenomenon.

      Julian Barnes’ has achieved something remarkable with this text, creating a work that is honest in its inaccuracy, that is genuine in its falsehood. Through the narration of The Sense of an Ending, its protagonist Tony Webster teaches himself a set of lessons about the erratic itineraries of memory.

        We could say that a reflection is offered on how the chronological time of life gets itself undone through the durational time of memory. But realizing, by which I mean assuming in everyday behavior, ourselves as divided by chronology and duration does not place us outside either. They carry us on forward in time.

      Even in moments of realizing ourselves as split by chronology and duration, we dance freestyle to the beats of being and time. Living implies constant narrative shifts, adjusting to the rhythms of our truths, lies, and indifferences Memory, as Barnes understands it and as Tony is forced to realize is far more edited than we'd like to believe.

Death is an inevitable

મૃત્યુ નથી તો 

એનો જ ભય શાને....,

એ  નિશ્ર્ચિત છે.

           Death is an inevitable,  then why we are afraid of Death? We haven’t seen Death then even why we think a lot about Death. Better to enjoy life then thinking about Death .

As we know that Love, Death, Life and Nature are the central theme of Literature .  Here i would like to gives an example for the text " Waiting For Godot "which we studied . Through out my Journey of these two years this text that open my Horizon . it tells everythings,if you understand it. this text also gives the idea of Existentialism (Importance of Being).

ESTRAGON: What  about Hanging our self ?

VLADIMIR  : Hmm. It’d give us an erection.

ESTRAGON : (highly Excited ) An Erection !

[…]

ESTRAGON: Let's hang ourselves immediately

The appeal of hanging isn’t that it would bring death, but rather that it’s something to do during the eternal wait. The men are unable to comprehend the consequence of such an action.

Characteristics of Robert Frost 's Poetry

Characteristics of Robert Frost 's Poetry

Introduction :

 Robert Frost is one of the most popular and most honored Poet of America. He thoughts against the traditional poetry, he wanted poetry, he wanted poetry to be as free and natural as love. His central themes are men and women, Humanity, loneliness , isolation and Nature, like Wordsworth, he chose incidents and situation from common life as the subjects of his poem.

Clarity and Simplicity

The first things that strikes a student of Frost 's Poetry it is clarity. At a time when poets were inclined to show off their erudition, and when a poetry was full of esoteric reference, Frost' s Poetry is clear and specific.

Universality and Depiction of Rural life

Frost 's Poetry celebrates the countryside of New Hampshire. But he is not a regional Poet. He may began with geography, he has ability to take his poetry into an un mappable country. His poem give real and living people. Frost shows a wordsworthian interest in the the poor common people, and portrays them realistically.

Realism

Frost truly said of himself,

" I am not a regionalist, i am a realist.

 I write about realms of democracy and realms of the spirit. "

Ezra pound has commented on the effectiveness of the portrayal of Frost 's Character. " Mr. Frost' s people are distinctly real. Their speech is real ; he has know them i don't want much to meet them but i know that they exist, and what is more that they exist as he portrayed them.

All this makes it obvious that Frost 's method was that of realism. He was not like the romantic poets interested in extraordinary and remote things.

Dramatic Quality

A very important feature of Frost 's Poetry it is Dramatic Quality. Poems like'  Home Burial ','  Blue Barries ' and '  The witch of coos ' the best example of Frost' s genius in writing Dramatic poems. In 'Home Burial' we have a man and wife facing a crisis. The wife is almost cracking up under the strain of the grief cauesd by death of their child.

The feeling of horror that she experiences on seeing the graveyard " so small window frames the whole of it"  and the quickly piled burial mound with the gravel leaping in the air, and the stains of mud on the man 's shoes is vividly conveyed.

His Language, Diction and Versification

As for Frost 's Language, it may be said that his poetry speaks itself. He uses simple words and weaves into verse the actual tones of common speech. His words come from plain language of every day talk. Every words counts, every words somehow is made to add to the mood of the poem. " In Mending Walls" There is not only the attitudes but actual tone of the countrymen lines such as these..

He is all pine and i am apple orchard

My apple trees will never get across

And eat the cone under his pines. I tell him.

Out of their context, lines sound as If they have have been drwan straight from the country man 's stock of proverbial wisdom. But their fuller meaning strikes up when we read them in their context. Frost is perhaps the only Poet who satisfied the wordsworthian theory of poetic Diction. His tone is conversational and his manner dramatic, but his experiments with Various meters are no less significant. A skilled versifier, he has employed a large number of meters in his poetry.

His Philosophy

The Simplicity of Frost 's verse is leading. It, at time cloaks the depth of his Philosophy. He was always a patient and persistent seeker after truth. Neither in Politics nor in poetry was he willing to surrender himself and his conviction as he says in " The Black Cottage". And " Mending Walls"  is one of those poems where Frost makes certain significant observations of human life and conduct. He airs two contradictory opinion regarding the erection of a wall between the compounds of two neighbors

One is......

        Something there is that doesn't love a wall

And the other...

Good fences make good neighbors.

As a Poet of Democracy

Like Whitman, Frost was a Poet of Democracy. Both writers are profoundly interested in Brotherhood and fellowship. But they approach the problem differently. But Frost, more realistic than Whitman. Like Whitman, Robert Frost was also patriotic though he expressed his patriotism in more subdued tone than Whitman 's loud trumpeting of national sentiments.

General Overview on Post Master

 My Interpretaions regarding  Post Master

                                           

i) What was the philosophy that consoled the postmaster? Why didn’t Ratan have a philosophy to console her?

It was not that the postmaster did not feel occasional pangs of sorrow when he was leaving the village without taking Ratan with him. He reconciled himself with the situation by musing (reflecting) that life had to go on regardless of the helplessness of the misery of the orphan girl for whom he was neither responsible nor accountable to the society or the world. He told himself that human bondage was after all a frail thing which was often broken by the hard realities of life. 

But Ratan who was naive (immature) and impressionable (easily influenced), did not share her master’s philosophy. Being young, she was not yet hardened by the harshness of life and she was still hopeful that her dadababu might somehow return to give her shelter in the temple of his affectionate and kind heart.

ii) What was Ratan’s hope? How would it help her?

Ratan hoped that her dadababu had ceased to be an employer and had become her own elder brother. This perception of the relationship between Ratan and the postmaster was but one sided and a delusion (fantasy). This the innocent girl could neither comprehend nor realise. She believed herself to be a member of the postmaster’s family and thought that her days of woe were over. She imagined herself to be in the citadel (sanctuary) of his dadababu’s kind and loving heart.

Ratan’s simplicity and blind faith did not help her in the least. This did nothing but cruelly tearing her heart into pieces. She finally sank in a sea of misery and unbearable agony. What actually happened to her was akin (similar) to a bleakness (isolation) which was darker than the darkest of nights.

        The postmaster despite his not so little feelings for Ratan realised with a heavy heart that no lasting relationship was possible with her. Finally, as his boat begins sailing swiftly and the village of Ulapur recedes further in the distance, he tries to find comfort in the thought that “there are so many separations and deaths” in the world. 

My Views regarding Harry Potter with the help of web Resource

My Views regarding Harry Potter with the help of web Resource

 Theme of Love and Death:

       Love is treated as a ranch of magic , although it does not seem to be something that easily controlled rising unbidden from the emotion itself. Lilly’s Sacrifice on behalf of harry turns into at the end of the series to work to  Harry’s advantage in unpredicted ways.

       Love, as a word in English, has, unfortunately, been diluted in meaning to range from simple pleasure, to sexual attraction, to something worth dying for. It can describe an intense feeling of affection, an emotion or an emotional state. The ancients gave these different aspects their own words (see sidebar); and, scriptural instruction is quite descriptive. "Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices in the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres. Love never fails.

             Albus Dumbledore : to Haryy “ you wonderful boy. you brave , brave man .Do not pity the dead , Harry. Pity the living and about all, those who live without love. Some other examples of selfless love acting as magic are also very interesting. It is right that inability to love makes Voldemort an evil Wizard. Here, we should remember Server Snape , who voluntarily joined the death Eaters on leaving Hogwarts, turns spy for the order of the phoenix when he realizes that the woman he loves is being threatened by the evil wizard, Voldemort.

             Love is Traditionally covers here Kunti to Karna – Liiy  to Harry

          Harry Potter the entire book struggling to complete a quest that his friend and mentor, Dumbledore , charged him with before he died. Harry consistently  does his best to do what Dumbledore has asked of him, but the hardest thing about quest is no danger or mystery.

        Death has played a central role in each book, and is at the heart of  the final confrontation between Harry and Voldemort. Both Horcrux, which form the main thrust of the entire series, and the Deathly Hallows which are a major part of the story of the seventh book, are shown to be means of avoiding or mastering death.

 Feministic Views

       One of the ways in which the authors attempt to represent strong and independent female characters is through the change of roles i.e. through incorporating female characters in adventurous plots usually reserved for men. In accordance with this opinion female characters are given male roles in many adventure or fantasy literary works. However, it cannot be said that Rowling employs this technique to represent Hermione, because Hermione’s power is not realized through typically male roles; also, she does not attain androgynous characteristics conforming to the theories of radical feminists.

        Hermoine is belongs to the ‘Muggleworld’. And,she also known as ‘Mudblood’ as her parents one is wizard and another is ‘Muggle’.so, just because of that ‘Hermoine’ has to bear ‘Mudblood’ sentence like her ‘Darkspot’. She is really intellectual than the Harry himself .And, brave, beautiful,innocent and most clever student of, Hogwarts school in her age,’Harry’ and ‘Ron’ both of her classmates bestfriends. Hermoine always supports ‘Harry’ in each and every problems of his life.And,also helps in to find out Horcruxes .she always gives him support as a ‘bestfriend’.

Hermione as a girl

Care, Love, Ignorance , Emotionality, Hurt, Struggle. Hermione as a feminist character Intelligent that Harry and Ron, Power to take quick decision, Fight, Clever, Thinker than applier.

 Hermione Granger is a good example of the many parts a character might represent because she is a friend and a student, and she is portrayed in many different lights throughout the Novels.

Example

Hermione fights battles differently than do the boys in the novels, she uses her reason and logic in order to solve problems and mysteries, and her strength can be seen from this.

Intelligence

The psychologist Gail Grynbaum states “Hermione is repeatedly the truth-sleuth, comfortable in the library, who finds the clue that makes sense of the mystery at hand. She is always the one standing at a crossroads pointing the way.”

Hermione is that character that is smart, and she is able to figure out most of the secrets that no one else can. Her knowledge and brains save her and her friends throughout the series multiple times, showing her strength every time she uses her intellect to defeat a problem.

EXAMPLE  Harry James Potter, who had found himself a book fuyll of potion cheat codes. The last thing he needed was another helping hand. Hermione warned him about using the book.

 Theme of Choice and Chance

It is chance and Choice it is always questionable. Here the chance has played vital role. When we  look at the Aristotelian plot so it is the poor plot. But still it is change law of Probability and  Possibility but here laws are broken. This is the world of Magic plot constructed by the Magic.

                           "  Life should not give chance rely on Choice."

                The author has described "choices" as a recurrent theme in the books. "Its our choices," she had Dumbledore say, "that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities." It would be naive to claim that an individual's life is completely an act of voluntary choice. Abilities, intellect, looks, environment and the like are all well beyond personal choice, and often present difficulties— sometimes catastrophic. Harry didn't choose to be made an orphan; that, along with being shackled to the fragment of  Voldemort's soul, was inflicted upon him. He didn't choose to live with his "bigoted" and abusive aunt and uncle; or, for that matter, even to have wizard abilities. In fact, pretty much all of the "driving force" behind his early life's agenda was set for him by the choices of others. He was often punished for, essentially, "being."

Harry had to deal, early, with the choices made by his own father. The author described James as a "spoiled," only child who was "talented, reasonably good looking, and loved... in short, everything Snape didn't have." He wasn't kind tothe outcast Snape, and such actions "have consequences... and we know what they were," she told us. Sirius had a similar issue with Kreacher, and produced nearly identical consequences.

For whatever reason, however, Harry's choices were not along the same lines as his fathers, even though they could have been! He could have alienated Moaning Myrtle very easily; but then he wouldn't have received her help in the bath or lake. He could have joined in the teasing of Luna Lovegood; but hewouldn't have had: her help in the ministry, information about the "veil" or thestrals, found a horcrux, or, let’s face it, escaped from the Dementors. Borrowing Arthur Weasley's statement to Harry: "It was a lucky day for the Potter family" when Harry let Luna make him her friend.